types {
    text/html                                        html htm shtml;
    text/css                                         css;
    text/xml                                         xml;
    image/gif                                        gif;
    image/jpeg                                       jpeg jpg;
    application/javascript                           js;
    application/atom+xml                             atom;
    application/rss+xml                              rss;

    text/mathml                                      mml;
    text/plain                                       txt;
    text/vnd.sun.j2me.app-descriptor                 jad;
    text/vnd.wap.wml                                 wml;
    text/x-component                                 htc;

    image/png                                        png;
    image/svg+xml                                    svg svgz;
    image/tiff                                       tif tiff;
    image/vnd.wap.wbmp                               wbmp;
    image/webp                                       webp;
    image/x-icon                                     ico;
    image/x-jng                                      jng;
    image/x-ms-bmp                                   bmp;

    font/woff                                        woff;
    font/woff2                                       woff2;

    application/java-archive                         jar war ear;
    application/json                                 json;
    application/mac-binhex40                         hqx;
    application/msword                               doc;
    application/pdf                                  pdf;
    application/postscript                           ps eps ai;
    application/rtf                                  rtf;
    application/vnd.apple.mpegurl                    m3u8;
    application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml             kml;
    application/vnd.google-earth.kmz                 kmz;
    application/vnd.ms-excel                         xls;
    application/vnd.ms-fontobject                    eot;
    application/vnd.ms-powerpoint                    ppt;
    application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics      odg;
    application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation  odp;
    application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet   ods;
    application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text          odt;
    application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation
                                                     pptx;
    application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
                                                     xlsx;
    application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
                                                     docx;
    application/vnd.wap.wmlc                         wmlc;
    application/x-7z-compressed                      7z;
    application/x-cocoa                              cco;
    application/x-java-archive-diff                  jardiff;
    application/x-java-jnlp-file                     jnlp;
    application/x-makeself                           run;
    application/x-perl                               pl pm;
    application/x-pilot                              prc pdb;
    application/x-rar-compressed                     rar;
    application/x-redhat-package-manager             rpm;
    application/x-sea                                sea;
    application/x-shockwave-flash                    swf;
    application/x-stuffit                            sit;
    application/x-tcl                                tcl tk;
    application/x-x509-ca-cert                       der pem crt;
    application/x-xpinstall                          xpi;
    application/xhtml+xml                            xhtml;
    application/xspf+xml                             xspf;
    application/zip                                  zip;

    application/octet-stream                         bin exe dll;
    application/octet-stream                         deb;
    application/octet-stream                         dmg;
    application/octet-stream                         iso img;
    application/octet-stream                         msi msp msm;

    audio/midi                                       mid midi kar;
    audio/mpeg                                       mp3;
    audio/ogg                                        ogg;
    audio/x-m4a                                      m4a;
    audio/x-realaudio                                ra;

    video/3gpp                                       3gpp 3gp;
    video/mp2t                                       ts;
    video/mp4                                        mp4;
    video/mpeg                                       mpeg mpg;
    video/quicktime                                  mov;
    video/webm                                       webm;
    video/x-flv                                      flv;
    video/x-m4v                                      m4v;
    video/x-mng                                      mng;
    video/x-ms-asf                                   asx asf;
    video/x-ms-wmv                                   wmv;
    video/x-msvideo                                  avi;
}

# {全局块}

# 设置用户组
#user  nobody;
# 配置用户或者组，默认为nobody nobody。
#user admin admin;  

# 设置工作进程的数量
worker_processes  1;

# 指定日志路径，日志级别包括 debug | info | notice | warn | error | alert 等
#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

# 指定进程文件
#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events { # {event块}
    # 设置一个进程是否同时接受多个网络连接，默认为off
    #multi_accept on;
    # 事件驱动模型，select|poll|kqueue|epoll|resig|/dev/poll|eventport
    #use epoll;
    # 进程的最大连接数
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http { {#http块}
    # 文件拓展名查找集合
    include       mime.types;
    # 默认文件类型为文件流，匹配.*
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    # 日志格式定义，main为日志别名
    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    # 取消服务日志
    #access_log off;
    # 指定日志输入文件
    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    # 调用 sendfile 系统传输文件，sendfile on 表示通过文件描述符直接拷贝，而不是用read()/write()
    sendfile        on;
    # tcp_nopush = on 会设置调用tcp_cork方法，这个也是默认的，结果就是数据包不会马上传送出去，等到数据包最大时，一次性的传输出去，这样有助于解决网络堵塞。
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    # 设置连接超时时间
    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    # 是否启用 gzip 压缩，需要浏览器支持，需要解压缩
    #gzip  on;
    # 设置gzip所需的http协议最低版本 （HTTP/1.1, HTTP/1.0）
    #gzip_http_version 1.1;
    # 设置压缩级别，压缩级别越高压缩时间越长  （1-9）
    #gzip_comp_level 4;
    # 设置压缩的最小字节数， 页面Content-Length获取
    #gzip_min_length 1000;
    # 设置压缩文件的类型
    #gzip_types text/plain application/javascript text/css;

    server { #{server块}
        # 监听端口
        listen       80;
        # 虚拟主机名称
        server_name  localhost;

        # 设置编码字符集
        #charset koi8-r;

        # 指定日志输入文件
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        # 监听请求路由
        location / { #{location块}
            # 查找根目录
            root   html;
            # 默认匹配
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        # 重定位服务器错误到静态页面 /50x.html
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

...
server {
    ...
    listen  8080;
    server_name localhost;
    root html/project;
    location / {
        // 按照优先级 '$uri' > '$uri/' > '/index.html' > '=404'依次匹配
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html =404;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }
}

...
server {
    ...
    listen  8080;
    server_name localhost;
    # DNS 域名解析服务器
    resolver 8.8.8.8;
    # 解析超时时间
    resolver_timeout 5s;

    location / {
        proxy_pass   $scheme://$http_host/$request_uri;
        proxy_set_header Host $http_host;

        proxy_buffers 256 4k;
        proxy_max_temp_file_size 0;

        proxy_connect_timeout 30;

        proxy_cache_valid 200 302 10m;
        proxy_cache_valid 301 1h;
        proxy_cache_valid any 1m;
    }
}

export http_proxy=http://x.x.x.x:8080

vim ~/.bashrc
export http_proxy=http://x.x.x.x:8080
source .bashrc # 刷新以加载变量

...
server {
    ...
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;

    location /api {
        # 代理转发
        proxy_pass http://localhost:8081;
        # 路径重写（如果需要）
        # rewrite  /api/(.*)  /$1  break;

        # 请求host传给后端
        proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
        # 设置用户ip地址
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;

        proxy_buffers 256 4k;
        proxy_max_temp_file_size 0;

        # 代理超时时间
        proxy_connect_timeout 30;

        # 当请求服务器出错去寻找其他服务器
        proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503; 
    }

}

...
server {
    ...
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;
    location / {
        # 移动、pc设备适配
        if ($http_user_agent ~* '(Android|webOS|iPhone|iPod|BlackBerry)') {
            set $mobile_request '1';
        }
        if ($mobile_request = '1') {
            rewrite ^.+ http://mysite-base-H5.com;
        }
    }
}

...
server {
    ...
    upstream web_servers {  
        server localhost:8081;  
        server localhost:8082;  
    }
    server {
        ...
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;


        location / {
            proxy_pass http://web_servers;
            # 必须指定Header Host
            proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
        }
    }
}

upstream test {
    server localhost:8081 weight=1;
    server localhost:8082 weight=3;
    server localhost:8083 weight=4 backup;
}

upstream test {
    ip_hash;
    server localhost:8080;
    server localhost:8081;
}

upstream backend {
    fair;
    server localhost:8080;
    server localhost:8081;
}

upstream backend {
    hash $request_uri;
    hash_method crc32;
    server localhost:8080;
    server localhost:8081;
}

user  www;
worker_processes  8;
  
events {
    worker_connections  65535;
}
  
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    charset utf-8;
 
    log_format  main  '$http_x_forwarded_for $remote_addr $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_cookie" $host $request_time';
    sendfile       on;
    tcp_nopush     on;
    tcp_nodelay    on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
 
    #要想开启nginx的缓存功能，需要添加此处的两行内容！
    #设置Web缓存区名称为cache_one,内存缓存空间大小为500M,缓存的数据超过1天没有被访问就自动清除;访问的缓存数据,硬盘缓存空间大小为30G
    proxy_cache_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_cache_path levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:500m inactive=1d max_size=30g;
 
    #创建缓存的时候可能生成一些临时文件存放的位置
    proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp_path;
 
    fastcgi_connect_timeout 3000;
    fastcgi_send_timeout 3000;
    fastcgi_read_timeout 3000;
    fastcgi_buffer_size 256k;
    fastcgi_buffers 8 256k;
    fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k;
    fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
    fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
  
     
    client_header_timeout 600s;
    client_body_timeout 600s;
  
    client_max_body_size 100m;             
    client_body_buffer_size 256k;           
  
    gzip  on;
    gzip_min_length  1k;
    gzip_buffers     4 16k;
    gzip_http_version 1.1;
    gzip_comp_level 9;
    gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml text/javascript application/x-httpd-php;
    gzip_vary on;
  
 
    upstream LB-WWW {
      ip_hash;
      server 192.168.1.101:80 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;     #max_fails = 3 为允许失败的次数，默认值为1
      server 192.168.1.102:80 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;     #fail_timeout = 30s 当max_fails次失败后，暂停将请求分发到该后端服务器的时间
      server 192.168.1.118:80 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
    }
   
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.wangshibo.com;
        index index.html index.php index.htm;
        root /var/www/html;
    
        access_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/www-access.log main;
        error_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/www-error.log;
    
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://LB-WWW;
            proxy_redirect off ;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            #跟后端服务器连接超时时间，发起握手等候响应时间
            proxy_connect_timeout 300;
            #后端服务器回传时间，就是在规定时间内后端服务器必须传完所有数据
            proxy_send_timeout 300;
            #连接成功后等待后端服务器的响应时间，已经进入后端的排队之中等候处理
            proxy_read_timeout 600;
            #代理请求缓冲区,会保存用户的头信息以供nginx进行处理
            proxy_buffer_size 256k;
            #同上，告诉nginx保存单个用几个buffer最大用多少空间
            proxy_buffers 4 256k;
            #如果系统很忙时候可以申请最大的proxy_buffers
            proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k;
            #proxy缓存临时文件的大小
            proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k;
            proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_503 http_404;
            proxy_max_temp_file_size 128m;
        }
    
        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|js|css)$ {         
            #使用Web缓存区cache_one，已在nginx.conf的缓存配置中命名的。
            proxy_cache cache_one ;
            #对不同HTTP状态码缓存设置不同的缓存时间
            proxy_cache_valid 200 304 12h ;
            proxy_cache_valid 301 302 1m ;
            proxy_cache_valid any 1m ;
            #设置Web缓存的Key值,Nginx根据Key值md5哈希存储缓存,这里根据"域名,URI,
            #参数"组合成Key
            proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args;
        }
    
        #用于清除缓存的url设置
        #假设一个URL为http://www.wangshibo.com/test.gif,那么就可以通过访问http://www.wangshibo.com/purge/test.gif清除该URL的缓存。
        location ~ /purge(/.*) {
            #设置只允许指定的IP或IP段才可以清除URL缓存
            allow 127.0.0.1 ;
            allow 192.168.0.0/16 ;
            deny all ;
            proxy_cache_purge cache_one $host$1$is_args$args ;
        }
    }
}

...
server {
    ...
    location / {
        deny  192.168.1.100;
        allow 192.168.1.10/200;
        allow 10.110.50.16;
        deny  all;
    }
}

...
server {
    ...
    # 图片缩放处理
    # 这里约定的图片处理url格式：以 mysite-base.com/img/路径访问
    location ~* /img/(.+)$ {
        #图片服务端储存地址
        alias /Users/cc/Desktop/server/static/image/$1;
        #图片宽度默认值
        set $width -;
        #图片高度默认值
        set $height -;
        if ($arg_width != "") {
            set $width $arg_width;
        }
        if ($arg_height != "") {
            set $height $arg_height;
        }
        #设置图片宽高
        image_filter resize $width $height;
        #设置Nginx读取图片的最大buffer
        image_filter_buffer 10M;
        #是否开启图片图像隔行扫描
        image_filter_interlace on;
        #图片处理错误提示图，例如缩放参数不是数字
        error_page 415 = 415.png; 
    }
}